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Unlike other major retailers, Home Depot also allows customers to rent an air purifier. The HEPA Air Scrubber contains HEPA and carbon filters and is recommended for use in a room up to 1000 cubic feet. It can be used to purify the air during any construction project, even the renovation of spaces that have been damaged by fire, mold or sewage.
HEPA filters consist of a sheet of dense fibers that are designed to trap 99.97 percent of all particles that are 0.3 microns in size. This type of filter was designed to trap allergens such as pollen, pet dander, dust and mold spores, and is generally ineffective against gases. On the other hand, carbon filters, usually made with activated charcoal, can capture odor-causing gases such as VOCs, but they cannot remove particulate matter from the air. For this reason, many options on the market include a combination of HEPA and carbon filters that work together to remove particulate matter and VOCs.
For example, a standalone HEPA filter is a common option for those looking to relieve allergy symptoms caused by pet dander or pollen, but the addition of a carbon filter is a better choice for those looking to remove VOCs and other odor-causing gases from their home. It is worth it to take the time to research how the different air purifier options relate to your needs and budget.
HEPA air purifiers do one thing and do it very well: remove fine particles from the air. They rapidly filter out the most common airborne allergens, including dust and pollen; mold, mildew, and fungal spores; pet dander; dust mites and their excrement; soot from automobiles; and tobacco, marijuana, and wildfire smoke. HEPA purifiers also capture airborne pathogens, including bacteria and most if not all viruses. For a detailed discussion of how air purifiers handle the coronavirus, see the following section.
When retesting our existing air-purifier picks, Tim took four measurements, two using the old filters and two using new filters, to get a picture of how (or even if) their performance changed over time.
He also tested a popular hack: taping a furnace filter to a box fan to create a DIY air purifier. He did a 35-minute, five-match test in the 200-square-foot room with a 20-inch-square Lasko box fan and a 20-by-20-inch Honeywell FPR 9 (roughly MERV 12) filter, one of our picks in our guide to furnace filters.
The Blue Pure 211+ is not a true-HEPA purifier. However, it has excellent clean air delivery rate (CADR) certifications from the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers, which in some ways is a more rigorous measurement. (Read more in How we picked.) And it has always delivered exceptional performance in our testing at the 0.3-micron HEPA standard, on both new and old filters.
Second, the Blue Pure 211+, like all Blueair purifiers, employs an unusual mechanism to boost its performance. The machine imparts an electrical charge to any particles that initially pass through its filter. When those particles then pass through the machine a second time, the charge helps them stick to the filter fibers, similar to the way a staticky sock sticks to other fabric in the dryer. That may help explain why the Blue Pure 211+ offers nearly identical filtration on its high and quiet/medium fan speeds. (This mechanism is distinct from the ionizers found on many purifiers, including the AP-1512HH, which charge air molecules directly.)
The Blueair Blue Pure 411 series encompasses three similar models: the original Blue Pure 411 (a former pick for small spaces), the Blue Pure 411 Auto, and the Blue Pure 411+. Although Blueair says the latter two models are slightly more powerful, they share the same clean air delivery rate (CADR) of 120, making them appropriate for spaces up to about 180 square feet. The differences between the machines are minimal: The 411 Auto has a particle sensor and thus can run in an automatic mode, adjusting the fan speed to meet changing air-quality demands, whereas the other two are manual operation only.
That said, after we created the abnormal smoke conditions at the outset of the tests, from then on the New York test room was subject to only the natural, ambient air conditions and whatever leakage infiltrated the test room. So we deliberately countered that setup in our Los Angeles office, where we tested our top pick, the Coway Airmega AP-1512HH Mighty, and our large-space pick, the Blueair Blue Pure 211+, on handling ongoing smoke from burning incense sticks. And in that test, we learned that we had to run the machines on high to get meaningful purification (which both models achieved, cutting the particulates by half or more in 50 minutes).
The fibers in a HEPA filter capture airborne particulates in three basic ways (PDF). The largest of the particulates, about 0.5 micron and above, are captured via impaction: Unable to change their course due to momentum, the particulates simply slam into the fibers and stick to them. Particles measuring less than 0.5 micron, but not too much less, are captured by interception: Their lower momentum allows them to flow around some fibers, but eventually they come close enough to touch one fiber on the way by, and again they stick. Finally, very fine particles, namely those measuring below 0.1 micron, or at most one-fifth of the diameter of the fibers, get bounced around randomly and slowed by their interactions with atmospheric atoms and molecules, and they eventually drift or get bounced into a filter fiber, whereupon (yet again) they stick; this process is called diffusion. The net result is that virtually all particles get captured quickly, while airflow is only slightly impeded.
Clean the prefilter monthly. For optimal performance, vacuum, wipe down, or rinse off the prefilter (it looks like a window screen or plastic netting) every month or so. The prefilter catches larger particles, such as pet hair, and keeping it clean helps the HEPA filter work unimpeded on fine particles.
When used properly, air cleaners and HVAC filters can help reduce airborne contaminants including viruses in a building or small space. By itself, air cleaning or filtration is not enough to protect people from COVID-19. When used along with other best practices recommended by CDC and other public health agencies, including social distancing and mask wearing, filtration can be part of a plan to reduce the potential for airborne transmission of COVID-19 indoors.
Air cleaners and HVAC filters are designed to filter pollutants or contaminants out of the air that passes thru them. Air cleaning and filtration can help reduce airborne contaminants, including particles containing viruses.
Choosing where in your home to place a portable air cleaner to help protect from airborne infections depends on the situation. Put the air cleaner in the room where most people spend most of their time (e.g., a living room or bedroom) unless:
The HVAC systems of large buildings typically filter air before it is distributed throughout a building, so consider upgrading HVAC filters as appropriate for your specific building and HVAC system (consult an HVAC professional). The variety and complexity of HVAC systems in large buildings requires professional interpretation of technical guidelines, such as those provided by ASHRAE and CDC. EPA, ASHRAE and CDC recommend upgrading air filters to the highest efficiency possible that is compatible with the system and checking the filter fit to minimize filter air bypass.
Consider using portable air cleaners to supplement increased HVAC system ventilation and filtration, especially in areas where adequate ventilation is difficult to achieve. Directing the airflow so that it does not blow directly from one person to another reduces the potential spread of droplets that may contain infectious viruses.
Air cleaning may be useful when used along with source control and ventilation, but it is not a substitute for either method. Source control involves removing or decreasing pollutants such as smoke, formaldehyde, or particles with viruses. The use of air cleaners alone cannot ensure adequate air quality, particularly where significant pollutant sources are present and ventilation is insufficient. See ASHRAE and CDC for more information on air cleaning and filtration and other important engineering controls.
Do-it-yourself (DIY) air cleaners are indoor air cleaners that can be assembled from box fans and square HVAC (or furnace) filters. They are sometimes used during wildfire events when air quality is poor and other filtration options are unavailable. There have been questions about whether DIY air filters can be effective in reducing virus particles in indoor environments. DIY air cleaners may provide some benefits for reducing concentrations of viruses and other indoor air pollutants, but research is limited and there are several important considerations explained below.
HEPA is a type of pleated mechanical air filter. It is an acronym for \"high efficiency particulate air [filter]\" (as officially defined by the U.S. Dept. of Energy). This type of air filter can theoretically remove at least 99.97% of dust, pollen, mold, bacteria, and any airborne particles with a size of 0.3 microns (µm). The diameter specification of 0.3 microns corresponds to the worst case; the most penetrating particle size (MPPS). Particles that are larger or smaller are trapped with even higher efficiency. Using the worst case particle size results in the worst case efficiency rating (i.e. 99.97% or better for all particle sizes).
High Efficiency Particulate Air, or HEPA, filters are a unique type of air purification. Achieving the most rigorous of requirements, for a filter to be labeled HEPA it must meet guidelines set by the US Department of Energy remove 99.97% of particles as small as 0.3 microns. When you buy a product that's labeled HEPA, you know it's been manufactured, tested, certified, and labeled in compliance with HEPA filter standards. 59ce067264
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